Zakat is obligatory upon anyone who fulfills the following conditions:

– Islam: Zakat is obligatory upon Muslims only; it is not required of non-Muslims.

– Freedom: Zakat is obligatory upon a free person, as they are capable of ownership. An enslaved person, who has no ownership, is not obligated.

– Ownership of the Nisab: The Nisab varies depending on the type of zakatable wealth. It is the minimum threshold of wealth below which Zakat is not due — the minimum amount a Muslim must own, held for a full lunar year, for Zakat to become obligatory.

– Completion of One Lunar Year (Al-Hawl): A full Islamic lunar year must pass over the ownership of the wealth. This condition applies to all zakatable assets except crops and produce, for which Zakat is due at the time of harvest.

– The Nisab must be in excess of essential basic needs, such as clothing, food, drink, shelter, and tools of one’s trade.

– Full ownership of the wealth.

– Growth potential (Al-Nama): The wealth must be growing or capable of growth.

– The Nisab varies according to the type of wealth.

– The wealth must be fully owned.

– The Nisab must be in excess of basic essential needs.

– The wealth must be free of current debt (debt that is presently due and payable).

– A full lunar year must have passed over the wealth.

– The wealth must be lawfully and legitimately earned (halal).

Types of Wealth Subject to Zakat:

– Gold, silver, and paper currency.
– Trade goods.
– Free-grazing livestock (Sa’imah): camels, cattle, and sheep.
– Crops and agricultural produce.
– Buried treasure (Rikaz) and minerals.
– Honey.
– Stocks, bonds, wages, and income-generating assets.